National Interest Studies

Abstract The Study of the relationship between Iran and Azerbaijan; Challenges and Opportunity
Dr. Seyyed Asadolah Athary
 
Abstract:
The relations between countries relies on economic, security ,geog raphical and cultural circumstances. Although, the status of these factors undergos a change in the globalization era, it is not true to say these factors have no impact on relations between two countries. Iran and Azerbaijan, as neighbors, have cultural, historical, religious commons. Nevertheless, the relations between two countries have faced certain challenges. These challenges could be evaluated in domestic, regional and global levels. The challenges include mutual mistrust and pessimism, the legal regime of the Caspian Sea, economic predica-
ments, the meddling of regional countries especially Turkey, Israel regime, Caucasus issue and the influence of great powers such as the US and Russia.
Key Words: Azerbaijan, Iran, International System, Oil, Pan Turkism

Abstract Malek Zolghadr[1]
Abolghasem Najafi[2]
 
Abstract:
Iran's foreign policy strategy towards Iraq after the fall of Saddam has been influenced by various factors, including geography, religion, economy and axis of resistance. Given the US occupation of Iraq, the decline of established government and the army, the particular attitude of the regional countries gradually led to an increase in Iran's regional and global influence in the new Iraq. After the fall of Saddam, Iran's foreign policy in Iraq, on the one hand, shaped security in Iraq, because after Saddam and the fall of the Ba'athist army, the security crisis spread in Iraq. Iran has played a key role in shaping Iraq's new security, including hardware and software security. But on the other hand, the involvement of other regional countries, such as Saudi Arabia, has led to new security crises in Iraq. In fact, Iran's policy in Iraq has had paradoxical effects on national security. As the economic dimension and economic growth and the decline of extremist groups such as ISIS has had positive and capacity-building effects, but in other dimensions such as the support of Iran's regional rivals for the insurgency in Iraq, the survival of extremist groups, authority of the central government have been challenged.
 



[1] Assistant Professor and Faculty Member, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran, Corresponding Author, email: Malek_Zolghader@yahoo.com.


[2] M.Sc. Student, Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan , Iran

Abstract

Abstract The Approach of Government to New Middle Class in Islamic Republic of Iran (1989-2005)
Dr.Hasan majidi
Mohmmad Rostam Por
Abstract:
The article deal with relations between the government and middle class in era of post Iran-Iraq war. The main question of the article is: what is the impact of post war government’s policies on the middle class? And what approach has the middle class adopted to post war government?The hypothesis of the article is: the policies of post war governments, personality of Iranian presidents, the impact of deve-
lopment plans and globalization would lead to vacillated relations between government and middle class. In Iran, oil revenues, personal characteristics and globalization influence the government’s approach to middle class. Nevertheless, different personality of Iranian presi-
dents and global developments encouraged President Hashemi Rafsanjani to revive new middle class and President Khatami to strengthen it.
Key Words: New Middle Class, Hashemi Rafsanjani, Khatami

Abstract Abolghasem Taheri[1]
Ali Tahery Matin [2]
Abstract:
The corona virus has changed all aspects of human life. As some speak of the world and the afterlife. In other words, the world will return to before Corona. The main purpose of this article is Corona's influence on political philosophy and the philosopher’s approach to Corona, both at the macro level and at the micro level and time concepts. Explaining that political philosophy is a response to the crises of our time. For this reason, current thinkers have given a philosophical explanation of Corona, given the effects of Corona on all aspects of human life on a global scale. In fact, Corona has challenged the fundamental themes of political philosophy, such as good and evil, happiness and virtue, the nature of governments, lifestyles and equality, and the status of religion. Consumption, the type of government, soft power, biotourism, etc. have been confronted with new perspectives and theories. However, philosophical conflicts over the effects of Corona, from statehood to the collapse of the state, capitalism to the decline of the capitalist system, science and technology to the contradiction with technology, and so on, continue.



[1] Professor, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

[2] Graduate of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Takestan, Takestan, Iran, bashityazar@yahoo.com

Abstract Secularism in the Opinion of Western Thinkers
Dr. Abdul Rahman Alem
Reza Nasiri
Abstract:
Although concepts such as secularization, mundane and worldly have similar meaning, there are some differences between them. However, the secularization has three characteristics: 1) decline in the role of religion to give meaning to the social sphere, 2) structural difference: there is a distinction between religious institutions and worldly institution, 3) transition from religious behavior and perception to worldly one. The secularism is inseparable from modernity. Modernity is a culture and religion and not similar to geography and history. Western modernization is so powerful to make everything similar to itself. So, divine religions would be faced with challenges by expansion of modernization. Secularism acknowledges the religion in the society, but it insists on its principles: 1) the religion has to be separable from politics and government 2) the religion has to acknowledge the exclusive authority of natural science, 3) the religion doesn’t have to rule over the people.
Key Words: Secularism, Worldly, Modernity, Postmodernity

Abstract Dr. Ebrahim Motaghi
Airaj Mohammadzadah

Abstract:
The globalization and information age has had different implications for all countries.These implications for developing countries such as Iran have been different in comparison with other countries. Given internal, regional and global conditions like cultural, media, economic and technological power, the globalization has had a security impact on countries. The globalization has had hard and soft impact on Iran. Regarding to security elements of globalization in Iran, the authors would analyze issues such as cyber war, identity crisis, media war, soft power, bioterrorism, ethical crisis, extremism and overthrow.
Key Words: Security,Globalization, Iran, Human Rights, Soft Power