National Interest Studies

Abstract Bureaucracy has penetrated rapidly in various economic, cultural and political systems of Iran. One of these systems that is involved in the concept and examples of bureaucracy is Iran's research system, and of course its most important infrastructure is research journals. Apart from the advantages of this type of bureaucracy, it seems that this situation has also brought disadvantages or problems; Failure to pay attention to them can cause depression or deviation of the country's scientific development path. Now, from various aspects, there are problems in the process of accepting and judging and publishing Iranian research journals, and especially in the lack of coordination and integration of scientific publications in the style sheets of articles. In this article, while presenting some of these problems and suggestions around them, it has been noted that during investigations and researches, the problems faced by authors and researchers and their suggestions should be collected and counted, and should be included in the structure and

Abstract Jan Foran believes that the Shiite clergy of the Safavid era was a part of the ruling body, which later gradually distanced itself from the government, and during the Qajar era, it was inclined to the people and mixed with the market class, but in the Pahlavi era, due to the high amount of funds and receipts. It gets rich from marketers. He believes that during the era of the last Safavid kings, the clergy with the position of Shaykh al-Islami Mullah Muhammad Baqir Majlesi directly controlled the ruling body, however, during the tobacco movement, he condemned the reconciliation that was canceled in another Privileges granted to outsiders are neglected and in the constitutional revolution, he accuses clerics of divergence. Therefore, this research aims to give an appropriate answer to the question of why Foran reached such a point of view in his analysis of the clergy while using the analytical descriptive method while criticizing Foran's views

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